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Xenon Lamps
One of the applications of xenon lamps in HPLC is in fluorescence identification (FID) detectors. A fluorescence detector is more sensitive than a UV/VIS detector and also selectively responds to compounds that can be excited to fluoresce. Xenon lamps are also used as continuum emitters in atomic absorption spectroscopy. Xenon lamps use the radiation emission of an arc and emit a continuous spectrum with high intensity and a color temperature of 5500 - 6000 K, which is similar to the solar spectrum.
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You can find more information about Xenon lamps here.
Gases in Spectrometry
Many of today's technologies require pure gases or standard gas mixtures for safe and efficient operation. For example, the output power of a CO2 laser depends on the quality of the operating gas. Inert gas fillings in light bulbs increase their life and performance. Other examples of the use of (inert) gases, where certain properties are achieved by the choice of gas used, are xenon or argon lamps, or krypton-filled insulating glass windows.
Two different types of radiation sources are used in atomic absorption spectrometry: Line sources and continuum sources.
Line Sources
Line sources emit a line spectrum and serve as the source of the measuring light, the absorption of which is measured in the flame and used to determine the analyte.
Continuum Emitters
Continuum emitters emit a continuous spectrum. In conventional AAS, deuterium and halogen lamps are used for background compensation. Most available continuum emitters are not suitable as measuring light sources because they do not emit sufficient light intensity over the very narrow spectral ranges measured in AAS (line widths between 0.001 and 0.01 nm).
Xenon Lamps as Radiation Sources in AAS
Since the introduction of xenon short arc lamps (XKBL), a new type of lamp has become available that has such a high radiation density over the entire relevant spectral range. This makes it possible to use it as a measuring light source in atomic absorption spectroscopy. This has led to a new variant of AAS known as CS-AAS (Continuous Source AAS). In contrast, the conventional instrumental realization of AAS is called LS-AAS (for line source). Compared to LS-AAS, CS-AAS often uses new types of detectors.
Working Principle of the Xenon Lamp
A xenon short arc lamp (XKBL) contains xenon at an outlet pressure between 5 and 20 bar, which approximately triples with increasing temperature during operation. A small, highly luminous arc is formed between the two electrodes, which are only a few millimeters apart. This emits a continuous spectrum with a color temperature of 5500 - 6000 K, which is similar to the solar spectrum.